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KMID : 0355420170410040282
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Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
2017 Volume.41 No. 4 p.282 ~ p.289
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Effect of social support and self-esteem on the oral health behaviors of Korean elderly people
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Shin Yun-A
Hong Jin-Sil
Kim Young-Sam
Chang Kee-Wan
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Abstract
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Objectives: This study aimed to determine the oral health behaviors and the relationships between social support, self-esteem, and oral health behaviors.
Methods: The institutions were selected based on the “2016 Elderly Welfare Facilities Status.” A total of 195 people participated in interviews conducted using a 39-item questionnaire. It included information on the following topics: a) sociodemographic and health-related characteristics (11 items), b) oral health behaviors (6), c) social support (12), and d) self-esteem (10). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, a reliability test, a t-test, an ANOVA, a Pearson’s correlation test, and a stepwise multiple regression, conducted using the SPSS 23.0 program.
Results: Of the 195 participants, 165 (84.6%) brushed their teeth twice a day; however only 74 (38.0%) participants used oral care products. Although many (64.6%) elderly people visited a dentist at least once a year, only a few (24.6%) visited the dentist for preventive purposes. Oral health behaviors had a positive correlation with self-esteem, significant others’ support, and friends’ support (.337, .270, and .254, respectively; P<.01). According to the multiple regression analysis, self-esteem, significant others’ support, perceived health status, number of existing permanent teeth, friends’ support, degree of exercise, gender, and average monthly expenditure had a significant effect on the participants’ oral health behaviors.
Conclusions: We demonstrated that social support and self-esteem might be major predictors of oral health behaviors. These results suggest that psychosocial factors need to be taken into account in the oral health education provided for elderly people.
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KEYWORD
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Elderly, Oral health behavior, Self-esteem, Social support
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